In this blog, we discuss when a gateway decides that it’s not a good gateway any more and proposes a new gateway to the host by setting redirection. Introduction We explore how a gateway (a router) present in a LAN handles routing to the outside of this network and uses redirection to enhance this operation….
In this blog let’s try to connect to a home network from outside (internet) in a secure manner using SSL. NAT and PAT NAT and PAT is what allowed local IP addresses translation or mapping to some routable public IP address (over the internet). This mapping can be one to one (NAT) or many to…
In this post, let’s recall what is subnetting for routing and switching purposes and how it is done. Motivation Network subnetting is very important subject that maybe referred to as VLSM for variable length subnetting. The basic idea is about managing a space of IP addresses (IPv4). Historically, a network length or space was fixed…...
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In this blog, we’ll discuss in detail the operation of HSRP one of the most known FHRP (First Hop Routing Protocols) protocols proposed by Cisco to help secure (in terms of redundancy) the gateway (for hosts or servers) within a LAN. The objective is simple: configure one gateway address and provision as many real routers…...
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In this blog, let’s build our first IPv6 packet. Introduction The idea of this lab is to craft an IPv6 packet from scratch using Python and Scapy library. The IDE I use is JetBrains PyCharm Community Edition 2018.3.1 x64 which is available for free at : https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/download/download-thanks.html?platform=windows&code=PCC The IDE The IDE interface looks like in…
In this post we’ll deep into the operation of BGP that is a Border Gateway protocol aimed at connecting (routing information exchange) autonomous system in contrast with IGP (Interior Gateway Protocols) that run into each autonomous system. Thus, we do not need to have detailed information about IGPs to exchange routing information… before this routing…...
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