In this post let’s detail the operation of PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast) in sparse mode. Previous posts tackled the operation of PIM dense mode. Let’s recall that PIM is the multica...
In this blog, we discuss when a gateway decides that it’s not a good gateway any more and proposes a new gateway to the host by setting redirection. Introduction We explore how a gateway (a rout...
In this post, let’s recall what is subnetting for routing and switching purposes and how it is done. Motivation Network subnetting is very important subject that maybe referred to as VLSM for va...
In this blog, let’s discover how ethernet cabling helps improve the speed over copper. Introduction In this post let’s talk about cabling, especially ethernet cabling to meet speeds of 1 g...
In this blog, we’ll discuss in detail the operation of HSRP one of the most known FHRP (First Hop Routing Protocols) protocols proposed by Cisco to help secure (in terms of redundancy) the gatew...
In this post we’ll deep into the operation of BGP that is a Border Gateway protocol aimed at connecting (routing information exchange) autonomous system in contrast with IGP (Interior Gateway Pr...